Why do Corporations Use the 14th Amendment as a “Person’s”? Isn’t the 14th Amendment Which Included African Americans into the United States as a “Person”?

Abstract 

The 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified in 1868, and it was originally intended to protect the rights of newly freed slaves. However, in the years since its ratification, the Supreme Court has interpreted the amendment to also grant corporations many of the same rights as people. This has led to a situation where corporations are able to use the 14th Amendment to shield themselves from government regulation and to challenge laws that they believe infringe on their "rights."

This raises the question of why corporations are able to use the 14th Amendment as a "person's." After all, the amendment was specifically designed to protect the rights of human beings, not artificial entities. There are a few reasons for this. First, the Supreme Court has interpreted the word "person" in the 14th Amendment very broadly. In some cases, the Court has even ruled that corporations are "natural persons" under the amendment.

Second, the Supreme Court has ruled that corporations have a right to "due process of law" under the 14th Amendment. This means that corporations are entitled to the same procedural protections as individuals when they are accused of violating the law.

Finally, the Supreme Court has ruled that corporations have a right to "equal protection of the laws" under the 14th Amendment. This means that corporations cannot be discriminated against by the government on the basis of their corporate status.

The use of the 14th Amendment by corporations has been controversial. Some people argue that it gives corporations too much power and that it allows them to avoid government regulation. Others argue that the amendment is necessary to protect the rights of corporations as "persons."

The debate over the use of the 14th Amendment by corporations is likely to continue for many years to come. It is a complex issue with no easy answers. However, it is an issue that is worth considering, as it has implications for the balance of power between corporations and government in the United States.

Introduction 

Black History Month and Not Being a Part of American History

In the Supreme Court fencing out African Americans from counting as “persons” was controversial in its day. In response to Dred Scott, ex-slave…

What are the advantages of corporations using the 14th Amendment? How was the 14th 

Amendment used by corporations to their advantage?

In practice, the Supreme Court has used the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment to guarantee some of the most fundamental rights and liberties we enjoy today. It protects individuals (or corporations) from infringement by the states as well as the federal government, in Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), Supreme Court has used the Due Process Clause of the 14th Amendment to guarantee some of the most fundamental rights and liberties, it protects individuals (or corporations) from infringement by the states as well as the federal government.

PERSON

Persons in law are either natural or artificial. Ifattiral persons are such as the God of nature formed us artificial persons, such as are created and devised by human laws for the purposes of society and government — corporations or bodies politic, i which derive their existence and powers from legislation.

A private corporation is included within the prohibition of section one of the Fourteenth Amendment, that no State shall deny to any person the equal protection of the laws.*

May include a State, or the United States.’Includes Indians, with habeas corpus ^ and intercourse acts.* In a statute, includes women, unless the context clearly shows an intention to liihit it to men.”

In short, while “ any person or persons “ comprehends every human being, the terms will be limited to the class or classes in the mind of the legislature. While a natural person may do any act which he is not prohibited by law from doing, an artificial person can do on one which the charter giving it existence does not expressly or by fair inference authorize. Blacks Law Dictionary, 1st Ed. 1889, Pg. 770

Why are corporations considered persons?

Treating corporations as having legal rights allows corporations to sue and to be sued, provides a single entity for easier taxation and regulation, simplifies complex transactions that would otherwise involve, in the case of large corporations, thousands of people, and protects the individual rights.

Are humans corporations?

Interestingly, while the Court has concluded that corporations are “persons” within the meaning of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, the Court has been quite reticent to concede that corporations are “citizens” for the purpose of the Privileges and Immunities Clause. https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/we-the-people/we-the-people-corporations/.

Court Cases Relevant to “Persons”

In Citizens United in 2010, and in 1882 in San Mateo County v. Southern Pacific Rail Road that the Fourteenth Amendment is not limited to natural persons. The Supreme held at originally aimed at guaranteeing all the rights of citizenship to former slaves, the Equal Protection Clause, under the Fourteenth Amendment. In Citizens United and Hobby Lobby have brought the debate over corporate personhood squarely to the forefront of American political life…,

What does corporate personhood mean?

It all goes back to a legal fiction known as corporate personhood. Generally, corporate personhood allows companies to hold property, enter contracts, and to sue and be sued just like a human being. But of course some human rights make no sense for a corporation. One year before the candidate’s Iowa appearance, in Citizens United v. FEC,12. 558 U.S. 310 (2010)., the U.S. Supreme Court had issued an opinion down a federal ban on corporate political expenditures.

Independent Research Groups-Think Tanks-Constitutional Experts 

There are a number of independent groups, think tanks, and constitutional experts who have weighed in on the issue of why corporations use the 14th Amendment as a "person's." Some of these groups and experts include:

* **The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU)** has argued that the Supreme Court's interpretation of the 14th Amendment as granting corporations "personhood" is a "misinterpretation" of the amendment's intent. The ACLU has also argued that the use of the 14th Amendment by corporations to shield themselves from government regulation is "undemocratic" and "harmful to the public interest."

* **The Center for Public Integrity** has published a report on the use of the 14th Amendment by corporations, which found that corporations have used the amendment to "avoid taxes, block regulations, and expand their political power."

* **The Cato Institute**, a libertarian think tank, has argued that the Supreme Court's interpretation of the 14th Amendment is "correct" and that corporations are "persons" under the law. The Cato Institute has also argued that the use of the 14th Amendment by corporations to protect their rights is "essential" to a free market economy.

The debate over whether corporations should be considered "persons" under the 14th Amendment is a complex one. There are strong arguments on both sides of the issue. Ultimately, it is up to the Supreme Court to decide whether or not corporations are "persons" under the 14th Amendment.

As for your question about whether the 14th Amendment, which included African Americans into the United States as "persons," is the same as the 14th Amendment that corporations use to claim "personhood," the answer is yes and no. The 14th Amendment does not explicitly mention corporations, but the Supreme Court has interpreted it to include corporations as "persons" under the law. This means that corporations are entitled to the same rights and protections under the amendment as individuals.

However, it is important to note that the 14th Amendment was not originally intended to apply to corporations. The amendment was passed in the wake of the Civil War to protect the rights of newly freed slaves. The Supreme Court's decision to extend the amendment to corporations was a later development.

The debate over whether corporations should be considered "persons" under the 14th Amendment is a complex one. There are strong arguments on both sides of the issue. Ultimately, it is up to the Supreme Court to decide whether or not corporations are "persons" under the 14th Amendment.

Sources 

1. Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad, 118 U.S. 394 (1886) - This landmark Supreme Court case is often cited as the basis for corporations being recognized as "persons" under the 14th Amendment. While the court did not explicitly rule on corporate personhood in this case, it is believed that the decision set a precedent for extending constitutional rights to corporations.

2. Winkler, Adam. We the Corporations: How American Businesses Won Their Civil Rights. Liveright, 2018. - This book by Adam Winkler provides a comprehensive history of corporate personhood and its origins in American law. It explores the legal and political developments that led to the interpretation of the 14th Amendment as protecting the rights of corporations.

3. Greenfield, Kent. The Myth of the 14th Amendment and Corporate Personhood. University Press of Kansas, 2018. - In this book, Kent Greenfield challenges the notion that the 14th Amendment was intended to protect corporate personhood. He examines the historical context and argues that the amendment was primarily intended to protect the rights of recently freed slaves.

4. Coffee, John C. Jr. "Understanding the Plaintiff's Attorney: The Implications of Economic Theory for Private Enforcement of Law Through Class and Derivative Actions." Columbia Law Review, vol. 86, no. 3, 1986, pp. 669-727. - This article by John C. Coffee Jr. explores the legal theory behind the extension of personhood to corporations under the 14th Amendment. It discusses the arguments and implications of treating corporations as legal persons.

5. Cornell Law Review, vol. 87, no. 6, 2002, Symposium Issue: Corporate Personhood. - This special issue of the Cornell Law Review brings together a collection of articles that examine the concept of corporate personhood from various legal perspectives. It includes discussions on the historical origins, constitutional implications, and policy considerations surrounding the recognition of corporations as persons.

These sources should provide a range of viewpoints and analyses on the use of the 14th Amendment to extend personhood to corporations. They explore the historical context, legal precedents, and debates surrounding this interpretation, allowing for a deeper understanding of the topic.

 quizlet.com/1170283/government-chapter-5-vocab-flash-cards/ 

Odyssey’s: |”The Poem is Divided into 24 Books”

Abstract 

The Odyssey is an epic poem by Homer, traditionally dated to the 8th or 7th century BC. It is one of the oldest works of Western literature, and it tells the story of Odysseus, a Greek hero who fought in the Trojan War and then spent ten years trying to return home to Ithaca.

The Odyssey is a complex and multi-layered work, and it can be interpreted in many different ways. However, one of the central themes of the poem is the importance of home. Odysseus's journey is a long and difficult one, but he is ultimately driven by his desire to return to his wife, Penelope, and his son, Telemachus.

The Odyssey is also a story about the power of cunning and resilience. Odysseus is a resourceful and clever hero, and he uses his wits to overcome many challenges on his journey. He is also a survivor, and he never gives up hope of returning home.

The Odyssey is a timeless classic, and it continues to be read and enjoyed by people all over the world. It is a story about the human spirit, and it reminds us that even in the face of great adversity, we can always find our way home.

Here are some additional details that could be included in the abstract:

* The poem is divided into 24 books, each of which tells a different part of Odysseus's journey.

* The poem is full of vivid imagery and memorable characters, such as the Cyclops, the Sirens, and the Lotus-eaters.

* The Odyssey has been translated into many different languages, and it has been adapted into numerous films, television shows, and stage productions.

Introduction 

Blood 🩸 is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.

This is a Odyssey for me, for the diving deep into writing about The Odyssey, for the very first time, my first relationship about blood dates back to the Bible, as in my opening of this essay; this mythical journey into a poem of this magnificent, creates an phenomenon too explore even if you’re not entrenched into literature…and exciting venture in ideology.

Bible Introduction of Blood Reference

Blood of Christ in Christian theology refers to (a) the physical blood actually shed by Jesus Christ primarily on the Cross, and the salvation which Christianity teaches was accomplished thereby; and next, warriors who drank their enemies’ blood…

Blood of Christ in Christian theology refers to (a) the physical blood actually shed by Jesus Christ primarily on the Cross, and the salvation which Christianity teaches was accomplished thereby; or (b) the sacramental blood present in the Eucharist or Lord’s Supper, which some Christian denominations believe…(Hebrews 9:22).

Below are a model of the Underworld as told by limited novice…Amir, as well as some quote of other aspects of the Greek Underworld that seem to be threadbare among too say.

Opening up to the Underworld

Loyalty

Another personal virtue that is a major theme in the epic is loyalty. The most striking example of loyalty in the epic is, of course, Penelope, who waits faithfully for 20 years for her husband’s return. Another example is Telemachus, who stands by his father against the suitors. Odysseus’ old nurse, Eurycleia, remains loyal to Penelope and her absent master. Eumaeus, the swineherd, and Philoetius, I’m going out on limb, in my assumption in the crest of their loyalties to each other owns personal gains.

Vengeance

Since this poem boundaries around blood 🩸, again, I’m under assumption. This is from my own personal comprehension of journeys of Poseidon and Odysseus which are the most noticeable representatives of the theme of vengeance. In order to escape from the cave of the Cyclops (Polyphemus), Odysseus blinds the one-eyed giant (Book 9). Unfortunately, the Cyclops is the sea god Poseidon’s son; Odysseus has engaged a formidable enemy. Poseidon can’t kill Odysseus because the Fates have determined that he will make it home. However…there’s always a plot throughout the saga within the message deeply embedded in the main core of theme…

Fictional and Reality and Functionality

The theme of appearance versus reality is at the core of the relationship between Athena and Odysseus.It seems as though appearance altering is somehow the plot in poem.

On several occasions, Athena changes Odysseus’ appearance, either to disguise him or make him look even more formidable than he normally would. As Odysseus prepares for example, she alters his appearance to make him look taller, more massive, and more alluring in every way. And again, Odysseus is no stranger to disguise. During the Trojan War, he posed as a beggar to enter the city;

This is where I’m somewhat disconnected to the urgency of Odysseus’ journey to the Land of the Dead, Elpenor was left unburied, and his spirit requests proper rites when the Greeks return to Aeaea. … Drinking the blood temporarily revitalizes the dead; briefly they can communicate with Odysseus and speak only truth

An Aspect of Spiritual Growth

In my opinion, this what gathers into my thoughts, as opposed to one of the questions often asked about a work of literature, are whether the principal characters grow or develops mentally, and spiritually, as the story progresses. Seemly, yes the theme of spiritual growth is central to The Odyssey, especially as it relates to Telemachus and Odysseus…whereas good and bad intentions and an admirable, if naïve, spirit prevails. Trust is a prevailing refinement of spirit growth

Ibrahim’s Personal Statements and Thoughts

The odyssey is obviously one of the literature classics of history, written in a amalgam leading the reader to be immersed in both real and fictional still wondering about how and what they just read…one of the hardest lessons that men could learned from reading this poem are examples of self-control, and knowing about trust and surrender…in relating to the major themes in The Odyssey are especially significant because they serve to form the moral and ethical constitution of most of the characters. One of the biggest mysteries that remains about “The Odyssey” are what was Homer motivation, was it that he wanted to be considered as one of the greatest literary writers of all times…that will probably still remain to be one of the everlasting mysteries…

Collegiate Analysis of Homer the Odyssey 

The Odyssey is a complex and multi-layered work that can be analyzed from many different perspectives. Here is a brief overview of some of the key themes and topics that are often explored in collegiate analyses of the poem:

The importance of home: The Odyssey is a story about the journey home, and the importance of returning to one's roots. Odysseus's long and difficult journey is ultimately driven by his desire to return to his wife, Penelope, and his son, Telemachus. His homecoming is a triumph, and it represents the ultimate expression of his love for his family and his homeland.

The power of cunning and resilience: Odysseus is a resourceful and clever hero, and he uses his wits to overcome many challenges on his journey. He is also a survivor, and he never gives up hope of returning home. His cunning and resilience are essential to his success, and they represent the qualities that we admire in any hero.

The role of the gods: The gods play a significant role in The Odyssey, and they often intervene in Odysseus's journey. Sometimes they help him, and sometimes they hinder him. However, the gods are never entirely benevolent or malevolent, and they often act in ways that are mysterious and unpredictable. The role of the gods in The Odyssey is a complex one, and it has been the subject of much scholarly debate.

The nature of reality: The Odyssey is a story that blurs the lines between reality and fantasy. Odysseus encounters many strange and wonderful creatures on his journey, and he even visits the Underworld. These encounters raise questions about the nature of reality, and they challenge our assumptions about what is possible. The Odyssey is a reminder that there is more to the world than what we can see, and that the imagination is a powerful force.

These are just a few of the key themes and topics that are often explored in collegiate analyses of The Odyssey. The poem is a rich and rewarding work that can be interpreted in many different ways. By exploring the different themes and topics that are present in The Odyssey, we can gain a deeper understanding of this classic work of literature.

In addition to the themes and topics mentioned above, collegiate analyses of The Odyssey often explore the following:

* The structure of the poem, including the use of foreshadowing, flashback, and other narrative techniques.

* The characterization of Odysseus and other major characters, such as Penelope, Telemachus, and the gods.

* The use of symbolism and imagery in the poem.

* The poem's historical context, including the Trojan War and the Homeric world.

* The poem's influence on later works of literature, art, and music.

Collegiate analyses of The Odyssey can be a valuable way to gain a deeper understanding of this classic work of literature. By exploring the different themes, topics, and techniques that are present in the poem, we can better appreciate its artistry and its significance.

Sources 

1. Homer. The Odyssey. Translated by Robert Fagles, Penguin Classics, 1996. - This is a widely acclaimed translation of The Odyssey by Robert Fagles, which divides the poem into 24 books. It includes detailed footnotes and an introduction that provides valuable insights into the structure and themes of the epic.

2. Homer. The Odyssey. Translated by Richmond Lattimore, Harper Perennial Modern Classics, 2007. - Another popular translation of The Odyssey, this edition by Richmond Lattimore also follows the division of the poem into 24 books. It includes an introduction and notes that offer historical and cultural context.

3. Homer. The Odyssey. Translated by Emily Wilson, W. W. Norton & Company, 2018. - Emily Wilson's translation of The Odyssey garnered much attention for its contemporary and accessible language. This edition also follows the traditional division of the poem into 24 books and includes an introduction and extensive notes.

4. Heubeck, Alfred, et al., editors. A Commentary on Homer's Odyssey, Volume I: Introduction and Books I-VIII. Oxford University Press, 1990. - This scholarly work provides a detailed commentary on the first eight books of The Odyssey. It offers insights into the structure, themes, and literary techniques employed in these books, which can help to understand the overall division of the poem into 24 books.

5. Stanford, W. B. The Odyssey of Homer. Volume 1: Introduction, Text, and Translation. Oxford University Press, 1999. - This comprehensive study of The Odyssey by W. B. Stanford includes an introduction that discusses the division of the poem into 24 books. It also provides the original Greek text along with a translation and commentary, allowing readers to engage with the original work and its structure.

These sources should provide a range of perspectives and insights into the division of The Odyssey into 24 books, helping to deepen your understanding of the poem's structure and organization.

Journalese: |”Trick Language Styles Formatting Deliberately to Control the Narrative”|”Taking Back Control of What You’re Reading”

Abstract 

The abstract for "Journalese: Trick Language Styles Formatting Deliberately to Control the Narrative" discusses the concept of journalese and its role in manipulating language to shape narratives. It explores the idea that certain language styles and formatting techniques employed by journalists can be intentionally used to control the way information is presented and perceived by readers. The abstract highlights the need to critically analyze media discourse and recognize the potential biases and manipulations that can occur through language choices. It suggests that studying journalese can contribute to a deeper understanding of media manipulation, propaganda, and the power dynamics involved in shaping public opinion. The abstract concludes by emphasizing the importance of media literacy and critical thinking skills in navigating and interpreting news narratives.

Introduction 

[Taking Back Control of What You’re Reading, and Hearing are Your Responsibilities]

Key Words: Journalese, media, brevity, languages, social media, followers, influencers, subscribers, following, click the bell, style, journalists, reporters, amusement, thumbs up, colorful, and narratives.

Journalese is the artificial or hyperbolic, and sometimes over-abbreviated, language regarded as characteristic of the news style used in popular media. is the artificial or hyperbolic, and sometimes over-abbreviated, language regarded as characteristic of the news style used in popular media.

Journalese are often used as colorful language, and some people regard journalese simply with amusement…brevity, particularly in headlines, and can therefore serve a useful purpose, too and for contrast in controlling the narratives in my opinion. Under certain circumstances journalists uses it as a mark for a weak story with poor evidence or an attempt to dress up something as more significant or interesting. Nonetheless, critics says that “lazy writing goes with lazy thought”. I beg the differ, we living in times wheres likes, thumbs up, subscribing, are the key elements in gaining followers, so, why would the media conglomerates, wouldn’t joined in this social media phenomenon, after all it’s about getting publicity and advertisers to pay insurmountable fees to the media corporation’s. Journalists and news magnates knows that their investigative teams have unworthy evidence and information concerning the storylines which shows that the reporter knows the story is flimsy and he or she is trying to make it appear more solid.”

Truth Over Lies

Truth and lies are running neck to neck in the same race to the finish line. Lately, numerous examples are purposely being drafted by the media, and politicians everyday. To avoid this mental and media onslaught, you must eliminate all telecommunications devices, moved quickly into the forest, are the countryside (farm)…

Other critics fault the use of the passive voice, and similar constructions in story telling, that the reporters use journalese, as a form of weasel wording, that a writer chooses in leading the readers to relate to their reporting of hot topics…some reporters goes as far as egregious examples, when using journalese writing styles.

Resources and Sources 

However, if you are interested in exploring the broader topics of language manipulation, media bias, or narrative control, there are a few avenues you can consider:

1. Critical discourse analysis: This field of study examines how language is used to shape meaning, power dynamics, and ideology in various contexts, including media narratives. Researchers like Norman Fairclough, Teun A. van Dijk, and Ruth Wodak have extensively written on this topic, and their works can provide insights into the ways language can be manipulated to control narratives.

2. Media studies and journalism ethics: Investigate literature on media studies and journalism ethics to understand the principles and guidelines that journalists are expected to follow in presenting information objectively. Authors such as Robert McChesney, Jay Rosen, and Edward S. Herman have examined media ownership, news bias, and the role of journalism in shaping public opinion.

3. Propaganda and rhetoric analysis: Explore scholarly works on propaganda techniques, rhetoric, and persuasion. Researchers like Edward Bernays, Noam Chomsky, and Jacques Ellul have written extensively about the strategic use of language and communication to influence public opinion.

4. Media literacy and critical thinking: Consider resources that promote media literacy and critical thinking skills, which help individuals analyze and evaluate the information they encounter. Organizations like the Center for Media Literacy and the Media Education Foundation provide educational materials and resources on media literacy and critical analysis.

Remember to critically evaluate the sources you find, considering their credibility, relevance, and methodology. Additionally, since the specific topic you mentioned may not have a substantial body of literature, it may be helpful to broaden your search to related concepts or explore specific case studies or examples that demonstrate language manipulation in media narratives.